We explored how zinc lozenges affect the duration of the common cold through a detailed analysis of multiple trials. In particular, we focused on the Mossad (1996) trial involving zinc gluconate lozenges, which revealed an average reduction of cold duration by about 4.0 days. While that sounds promising, our findings through a quantile treatment effect (QTE) analysis tell a more nuanced story.
Interestingly, the QTE analysis showed that for individuals suffering from lengthy colds lasting 15 to 17 days, the zinc lozenges could shorten their illness by as much as 8 days. On the flip side, those with shorter, 2-day colds only experienced a 1-day reduction in sickness. This suggests that while zinc may help, its effectiveness varies significantly depending on the initial duration of the cold, making the overall average effect less informative than we might think.
Our examination extended to three trials that used zinc acetate lozenges, yielding a similar average reduction of around 2.7 days. However, again, those averages concealed varying effects for short and long colds, highlighting the importance of looking beyond simple averages in treatment studies.
Overall, we observed that zinc lozenges can indeed help with cold duration, but the extent of that help is very much dependent on how long a person has been suffering. This approach to understanding treatment effects through QTE analysis could have important implications not just for cold treatment but also for analyzing other health outcomes.
Read More
8
Zinc reduces cold duration
Zinc Supplementation Reduces Common Cold Duration among Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials with Micronutrients Supplementation.
We explored the impact of zinc supplementation on common cold symptoms through an extensive review of 20 randomized controlled trials. These studies focused on observing how micronutrients, especially zinc, can help manage the cold in healthy adults.
Our findings suggest that while zinc did not significantly prevent the incidence of cold or reduce symptom severity when compared to other micronutrients, it showed promising results in potentially shortening the duration of a cold. Specifically, we observed that zinc could cut down the duration of cold symptoms by approximately 2.25 days when used alone.
This reduction in duration could have a meaningful impact on daily life and overall productivity for those affected by the common cold. It's noteworthy that while zinc proves beneficial, other vitamins like vitamin C and vitamin D did not show the same effectiveness in this context.
Read More
4
Zinc may shorten cold duration
Zinc for prevention and treatment of the common cold.
We explored how zinc supplementation might impact the prevention and treatment of the common cold. Through a thorough examination of 34 studies involving over 8,500 participants, we aimed to understand whether zinc could effectively reduce the occurrence or duration of colds.
The studies included randomized controlled trials comparing zinc to placebo in both children and adults. Our findings indicate that while zinc may not significantly lower the risk of catching a cold, it could help reduce the duration of an ongoing cold. However, this benefit comes alongside an increase in non-serious side effects, such as an unpleasant taste and stomach issues.
It's important to note that many of these studies showed a wide range of interventions and outcomes, and some reporting was incomplete. Overall, our results suggest that zinc does not hold substantial promise for preventing colds, but it may help shorten the duration of symptoms once a cold strikes.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
9
Immediate relief observed
46 people found this helpful
These lollipops are fantastic for immunity! With nearly 20 mg of zinc, we switched to two a day when my husband showed cold symptoms. After taking them with vitamin D and C, he woke up feeling healthy the next morning! Zinc deficiency can lead to serious health issues, so this supplement is vital. It’s effective against cold symptoms; I highly recommend them.
Read More
9
Effective throat relief
9 people found this helpful
Sweet tasting lozenges for sucking. The throat is my sore spot; at the first sign of perspiration or redness, I take 2-3 tablets, and usually by the next day, everything has cleared up. I also gave these to my child when they had a common cold. I highly recommend them!
Read More
9
Prevents cold symptoms
7 people found this helpful
This Zinc formula is excellent for the initial symptoms of colds and viral illnesses. It works better than the "citrate" and "picolinate" we previously used for my child. We keep these sweet lozenges at home to block any deterioration of health.
We explored the effectiveness of zinc in combination with herbal polyphenols against respiratory RNA viruses, including the common cold. In this study, the researchers combined zinc picolinate with various flavonoids to see if it could reduce viral replication and load without harming healthy cells.
The results were quite promising, showing a significant reduction of 50-95% in the genome replication levels of viruses like the human coronavirus OC43, influenza A virus, and human metapneumovirus. This suggests that zinc, when paired with appropriate compounds, may play a beneficial role in treating infections that lead to the common cold.
However, it's important to note that while the study shows a notable decrease in viral activity, it did not specifically isolate the effects of zinc alone. Thus, we cannot definitively state that zinc by itself is effective against the common cold without considering the contributions of the other substances involved.
Overall, this research opens the door for developing a potential treatment that is not toxic and sourced from natural ingredients, which could be effective against various RNA viruses with the hope of remaining effective even amidst mutating strains.
Read More
9
Zinc shortens cold duration variability
Quantile Treatment Effect of Zinc Lozenges on Common Cold Duration: A Novel Approach to Analyze the Effect of Treatment on Illness Duration.
We explored how zinc lozenges affect the duration of the common cold through a detailed analysis of multiple trials. In particular, we focused on the Mossad (1996) trial involving zinc gluconate lozenges, which revealed an average reduction of cold duration by about 4.0 days. While that sounds promising, our findings through a quantile treatment effect (QTE) analysis tell a more nuanced story.
Interestingly, the QTE analysis showed that for individuals suffering from lengthy colds lasting 15 to 17 days, the zinc lozenges could shorten their illness by as much as 8 days. On the flip side, those with shorter, 2-day colds only experienced a 1-day reduction in sickness. This suggests that while zinc may help, its effectiveness varies significantly depending on the initial duration of the cold, making the overall average effect less informative than we might think.
Our examination extended to three trials that used zinc acetate lozenges, yielding a similar average reduction of around 2.7 days. However, again, those averages concealed varying effects for short and long colds, highlighting the importance of looking beyond simple averages in treatment studies.
Overall, we observed that zinc lozenges can indeed help with cold duration, but the extent of that help is very much dependent on how long a person has been suffering. This approach to understanding treatment effects through QTE analysis could have important implications not just for cold treatment but also for analyzing other health outcomes.
Read More
8
Zinc reduces cold duration
Zinc Supplementation Reduces Common Cold Duration among Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials with Micronutrients Supplementation.
We explored the impact of zinc supplementation on common cold symptoms through an extensive review of 20 randomized controlled trials. These studies focused on observing how micronutrients, especially zinc, can help manage the cold in healthy adults.
Our findings suggest that while zinc did not significantly prevent the incidence of cold or reduce symptom severity when compared to other micronutrients, it showed promising results in potentially shortening the duration of a cold. Specifically, we observed that zinc could cut down the duration of cold symptoms by approximately 2.25 days when used alone.
This reduction in duration could have a meaningful impact on daily life and overall productivity for those affected by the common cold. It's noteworthy that while zinc proves beneficial, other vitamins like vitamin C and vitamin D did not show the same effectiveness in this context.
Read More
7
Zinc's unclear role in colds
Potential Role of Vitamins and Zinc on Acute Respiratory Infections Including Covid-19.
We explored the potential effects of zinc on the common cold based on a collection of research studies that investigated its role in treating acute respiratory infections, including COVID-19.
Importantly, we found that while zinc showed some promise in improving conditions related to pneumonia in children under five, there wasn't enough clear evidence linking zinc directly to a reduction in the incidence or duration of the common cold.
Typically, vitamins C, D, and E were examined alongside zinc, with findings indicating that these vitamins did not lower the common cold's occurrence. However, we noted that vitamin C did help shorten its duration and lessen its severity for some individuals, particularly those under physical or environmental stress.
Ultimately, while zinc has been shown to support health in various contexts, its specific impact on the common cold remains uncertain, suggesting that additional research is needed to draw more definitive conclusions.
We observed that zinc has been highlighted as a potential remedy for alleviating symptoms of the common cold. The information indicates that zinc may play a significant role in treating cold symptoms, especially in adults. While conclusive and thorough evidence specifically isolating zinc's effects isn't entirely clear, it is often included among over-the-counter treatments that have shown effectiveness.
Zinc is typically administered to support quicker recovery from cold symptoms, which also include nasal congestion and sore throat. It’s essential that we keep in mind that not all evidence is of high quality, but some studies and anecdotal reports suggest that incorporating zinc may lead to some improvement in symptom management.
Furthermore, it's important to emphasize that when advising patients, we should be mindful of the limitations and mix of other treatments. Although zinc appears promising, it's crucial to inform individuals that effective treatment strategies extend beyond just zinc alone. While the potential benefits of zinc are appealing, more reliable research is necessary to fully endorse its effectiveness in cold treatment.
These lollipops are fantastic for immunity! With nearly 20 mg of zinc, we switched to two a day when my husband showed cold symptoms. After taking them with vitamin D and C, he woke up feeling healthy the next morning! Zinc deficiency can lead to serious health issues, so this supplement is vital. It’s effective against cold symptoms; I highly recommend them.
Read More
9
Effective throat relief
9 people found this helpful
Sweet tasting lozenges for sucking. The throat is my sore spot; at the first sign of perspiration or redness, I take 2-3 tablets, and usually by the next day, everything has cleared up. I also gave these to my child when they had a common cold. I highly recommend them!
Read More
9
Prevents cold symptoms
7 people found this helpful
This Zinc formula is excellent for the initial symptoms of colds and viral illnesses. It works better than the "citrate" and "picolinate" we previously used for my child. We keep these sweet lozenges at home to block any deterioration of health.
Read More
9
Ideal for cold symptoms
3 people found this helpful
Each lozenge has an excellent zinc dosage and a delicious taste. They are my number one assistant when I first feel cold symptoms or a sore throat. Perfect for both adults and teenagers, though I suggest Zand candies with elderberry for children. I hope this review helps!
Read More
9
Effective and tasty
2 people found this helpful
These lozenges effectively halted a viral infection in my throat. I appreciate the taste, which is better than others I've tried. They're small and dissolve gradually, making them perfect for use before bedtime when cold symptoms irritate my throat. Their sugar-free formulation ensures my teeth remain safe.
The common cold is a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract, primarily affecting the nose and throat. It's caused by a variety of viruses, with rhinoviruses being the most prevalent. Symptoms generally include a runny or stuffy nose, sore throat, cough, sneezing, mild headache, and sometimes a low-grade fever. While the common cold is often mild and resolves on its own within a week or two, it can still be bothersome and impact daily activities.
Transmission occurs through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes, or by touching surfaces contaminated with the virus. Preventative measures include frequent handwashing, using hand sanitizer, and avoiding close contact with infected individuals. Since there is currently no cure for the common cold, treatment focuses on symptom relief through over-the-counter medications, adequate rest, and hydration. While colds may be uncomfortable, they are generally not serious; however, seeking medical attention may be necessary if symptoms worsen or persist for an extended period.
Zinc is a versatile metal known for its various applications in industry and health. It is a bluish-white metallic element represented by the symbol Zn and atomic number 30 on the periodic table. Zinc is primarily used for galvanizing steel to prevent rusting, in the manufacturing of alloys, and as a component in batteries. Additionally, zinc plays a crucial role in biological processes, making it an essential trace element in the human diet. It is involved in immune function, protein synthesis, wound healing, and DNA synthesis, highlighting its importance in maintaining overall health and well-being.
Zinc has been studied for its potential benefits in reducing the duration and severity of the common cold. Several clinical trials suggest that taking zinc supplements may help shorten colds by up to one day when taken within the first 24 hours of symptom onset. Zinc may work by inhibiting the replication of rhinoviruses, which are common causes of the cold, and by modulating immune responses.
However, it's important to note that the evidence is mixed. Not all studies agree on zinc’s effectiveness, and some show minimal benefits. Additionally, taking zinc in excessive amounts can lead to adverse side effects, including nausea and a bad taste in the mouth. For those considering zinc supplements, it's advisable to consult with a healthcare provider to determine appropriate dosages and to discuss any potential interactions with existing medications. Overall, while zinc may offer some relief for colds, it's best used as a part of a broader strategy that includes good hygiene, plenty of rest, and adequate hydration.
Based on user reviews, many individuals report seeing results within a day, especially when they take the supplement at the first signs of a cold. For instance, one user noted that by the next day, their sore throat discomfort was gone after taking zinc lozenges when they felt a cold coming on Read Review. Similarly, another user shared that symptoms improved significantly within a day, indicating effective relief from cold symptoms when they began treatment promptly Read Review.
Other reviews suggest a somewhat longer timeframe for relief, with users reporting a typical recovery period of 2-3 days when actively using the supplement Read Review. This variability seems dependent on the individual’s response and the timing of when the supplement is taken in relation to the onset of symptoms. However, many agree that initiating treatment early is key to experiencing the benefits of the supplement quickly.
Recent studies suggest that zinc may have a beneficial role in managing the common cold, particularly in reducing the duration of symptoms rather than preventing the onset of colds. A comprehensive review of various trials indicated that zinc supplementation could shorten cold duration by approximately 2.25 to 4 days, depending on the severity and length of prior symptoms [5][3]. However, the effectiveness of zinc varies based on individual cases, with those experiencing longer colds seeing a more significant reduction in symptoms compared to those with shorter durations [3].
While zinc is commonly included in over-the-counter treatments for cold relief [6], there remains skepticism regarding its ability to prevent colds altogether [1]. Moreover, some findings suggest that zinc's efficacy is enhanced when combined with other compounds, such as herbal polyphenols, though these studies did not isolate zinc's effects alone [2]. Overall, while zinc may provide some relief for those already experiencing cold symptoms, more high-quality research is needed to establish its true effectiveness and to clarify its role in cold prevention.
Users frequently report significant improvements in their cold symptoms when using zinc lozenges, especially when taken at the first hint of trouble. Many reviewers mention that symptoms like sore throats and general malaise often diminish remarkably within a day. For instance, one user shared their experience of feeling healthy by the next morning after taking zinc lozenges alongside vitamin D and C, highlighting the rapid efficacy of the product Read Review. Another user noted that they usually find that their throat issues resolve completely by the next day after taking 2-3 lozenges as soon as they notice the onset of symptoms Read Review.
While many experienced quick relief, others mentioned a slightly longer timeframe to alleviate symptoms, with typical recovery times reported as around 2-3 days for complete recovery Read Review. This variability seems to be influenced by individual responses and adherence to recommended usage times. Nevertheless, users unanimously stress the importance of starting the treatment early to maximize benefits, which has led to a largely positive reception of these zinc formulations as a remedy against colds and viral infections.
Users often report positive outcomes when combining this zinc supplement with other vitamins, particularly vitamin C and D. Several reviewers highlighted their experience of improved health after taking zinc lozenges alongside these vitamins at the first signs of cold symptoms. For example, one user mentioned that their husband felt healthy the next morning after taking zinc with vitamin D and C during cold onset Read Review. Another user reinforced that zinc works best in conjunction with vitamin C, especially given its reputation for aiding recovery during colds Read Review.
In addition to vitamin combinations, some users noted the efficacy of integrating zinc with NAC (N-acetylcysteine) for even better results during cold treatments Read Review. However, caution was advised regarding zinc intake duration and dosage, as overuse can lead to deficiencies in other essential minerals like copper Read Review. Overall, users emphasize the importance of starting treatments early and maintaining a balanced approach when pairing zinc with other supplements for optimal cold management.
Zinc has garnered attention as a supplementary treatment for alleviating the common cold, particularly in terms of shortening its duration. Research suggests that zinc lozenges, especially those containing zinc gluconate, may reduce the duration of cold symptoms by an average of about 4 days, but this benefit varies depending on the initial duration of the cold. For instance, individuals with longer colds—lasting between 15 to 17 days—reported reductions of up to 8 days when using zinc lozenges, while those with shorter colds saw less noticeable effects (about 1 day) [3]. Furthermore, an analysis of numerous studies indicates that zinc supplementation alone could potentially decrease cold symptoms by approximately 2.25 days [5].
It's vital to note that while consumer interest in zinc supplementation is high, the efficacy of zinc as a standalone treatment may not be universally applicable. The available research shows inconsistent results regarding zinc's ability to prevent colds outright, highlighting a greater benefit in symptom management rather than prevention [1]. Overall, while the optimal doses for zinc—typically ranging from 10 to 50 mg per day taken at the onset of symptoms—may vary, it appears to be most beneficial as part of a broader approach to managing cold symptoms [6].
9
Sore throat remedy
1 people found this helpful
Great taste and convenient size. I take one whenever I feel a sore throat coming on, and by the next day, the discomfort is usually gone. Zinc truly offers protection against viruses.
9
Quick relief
1 people found this helpful
This zinc is fantastic, especially when I have a cold or sore throat. I suck on one every few hours, and it’s typically resolved within a day, based on my experience.
9
Excellent for children
1 people found this helpful
These tablets are excellent for the first signs of a cold. They effectively relieve a sore throat and enhance my overall well-being. In 2-3 days, I'm typically free from the cold. My child enjoys them too; I give him half a tablet. Remember not to take them on an empty stomach.
9
Immediate relief observed
46 people found this helpful
These lollipops are fantastic for immunity! With nearly 20 mg of zinc, we switched to two a day when my husband showed cold symptoms. After taking them with vitamin D and C, he woke up feeling healthy the next morning! Zinc deficiency can lead to serious health issues, so this supplement is vital. It’s effective against cold symptoms; I highly recommend them.
9
Effective throat relief
9 people found this helpful
Sweet tasting lozenges for sucking. The throat is my sore spot; at the first sign of perspiration or redness, I take 2-3 tablets, and usually by the next day, everything has cleared up. I also gave these to my child when they had a common cold. I highly recommend them!
7.5
Fast recovery from colds
4 people found this helpful
I've used zinc lozenges multiple times, but I wanted to emphasise their importance. During SARS and flu epidemics, I often fall ill; however, I avoid pharmacy immunomodulators. I've heard zinc helps recover from common colds fast, especially with vitamin C. These lozenges support both immunity and provide throat relief instead of traditional throat medication.
9
Fast absorption
Life Extension Zinc Lozenges in citrus-orange flavour are fantastic for rapid sublingual zinc absorption at the onset of a common cold or sore throat. Personally, I find sublingual zinc effective in shortening or halting a cold, especially coupled with NAC. However, this brand leaves an unpleasant aftertaste, often necessitating a rinse with mouthwash.
6
Effective zinc supplement
201 people found this helpful
It is better not to chew but to let it slowly dissolve in the mouth for better absorption. I use it at the first signs of a cold. People say oxide form is not effective; I prefer gluconate. Unlike other forms, these tablets do not cause nausea, which is often my experience. I consistently take zinc alongside other supplements during colds. Zinc is essential for immune function and, if taken in high doses for extended periods, can cause copper deficiency, so I usually consider a copper supplement as well.
8
Zinc reduces cold duration
Zinc Supplementation Reduces Common Cold Duration among Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials with Micronutrients Supplementation.
We explored the impact of zinc supplementation on common cold symptoms through an extensive review of 20 randomized controlled trials. These studies focused on observing how micronutrients, especially zinc, can help manage the cold in healthy adults.
Our findings suggest that while zinc did not significantly prevent the incidence of cold or reduce symptom severity when compared to other micronutrients, it showed promising results in potentially shortening the duration of a cold. Specifically, we observed that zinc could cut down the duration of cold symptoms by approximately 2.25 days when used alone.
This reduction in duration could have a meaningful impact on daily life and overall productivity for those affected by the common cold. It's noteworthy that while zinc proves beneficial, other vitamins like vitamin C and vitamin D did not show the same effectiveness in this context.
9
Zinc shortens cold duration variability
Quantile Treatment Effect of Zinc Lozenges on Common Cold Duration: A Novel Approach to Analyze the Effect of Treatment on Illness Duration.
We explored how zinc lozenges affect the duration of the common cold through a detailed analysis of multiple trials. In particular, we focused on the Mossad (1996) trial involving zinc gluconate lozenges, which revealed an average reduction of cold duration by about 4.0 days. While that sounds promising, our findings through a quantile treatment effect (QTE) analysis tell a more nuanced story.
Interestingly, the QTE analysis showed that for individuals suffering from lengthy colds lasting 15 to 17 days, the zinc lozenges could shorten their illness by as much as 8 days. On the flip side, those with shorter, 2-day colds only experienced a 1-day reduction in sickness. This suggests that while zinc may help, its effectiveness varies significantly depending on the initial duration of the cold, making the overall average effect less informative than we might think.
Our examination extended to three trials that used zinc acetate lozenges, yielding a similar average reduction of around 2.7 days. However, again, those averages concealed varying effects for short and long colds, highlighting the importance of looking beyond simple averages in treatment studies.
Overall, we observed that zinc lozenges can indeed help with cold duration, but the extent of that help is very much dependent on how long a person has been suffering. This approach to understanding treatment effects through QTE analysis could have important implications not just for cold treatment but also for analyzing other health outcomes.
We observed that zinc has been highlighted as a potential remedy for alleviating symptoms of the common cold. The information indicates that zinc may play a significant role in treating cold symptoms, especially in adults. While conclusive and thorough evidence specifically isolating zinc's effects isn't entirely clear, it is often included among over-the-counter treatments that have shown effectiveness.
Zinc is typically administered to support quicker recovery from cold symptoms, which also include nasal congestion and sore throat. It’s essential that we keep in mind that not all evidence is of high quality, but some studies and anecdotal reports suggest that incorporating zinc may lead to some improvement in symptom management.
Furthermore, it's important to emphasize that when advising patients, we should be mindful of the limitations and mix of other treatments. Although zinc appears promising, it's crucial to inform individuals that effective treatment strategies extend beyond just zinc alone. While the potential benefits of zinc are appealing, more reliable research is necessary to fully endorse its effectiveness in cold treatment.
4
Zinc may shorten cold duration
Zinc for prevention and treatment of the common cold.
We explored how zinc supplementation might impact the prevention and treatment of the common cold. Through a thorough examination of 34 studies involving over 8,500 participants, we aimed to understand whether zinc could effectively reduce the occurrence or duration of colds.
The studies included randomized controlled trials comparing zinc to placebo in both children and adults. Our findings indicate that while zinc may not significantly lower the risk of catching a cold, it could help reduce the duration of an ongoing cold. However, this benefit comes alongside an increase in non-serious side effects, such as an unpleasant taste and stomach issues.
It's important to note that many of these studies showed a wide range of interventions and outcomes, and some reporting was incomplete. Overall, our results suggest that zinc does not hold substantial promise for preventing colds, but it may help shorten the duration of symptoms once a cold strikes.
9
Zinc's potential in virus treatment
Inhibition of Respiratory RNA Viruses by a Composition of Ionophoric Polyphenols with Metal Ions.
We explored the effectiveness of zinc in combination with herbal polyphenols against respiratory RNA viruses, including the common cold. In this study, the researchers combined zinc picolinate with various flavonoids to see if it could reduce viral replication and load without harming healthy cells.
The results were quite promising, showing a significant reduction of 50-95% in the genome replication levels of viruses like the human coronavirus OC43, influenza A virus, and human metapneumovirus. This suggests that zinc, when paired with appropriate compounds, may play a beneficial role in treating infections that lead to the common cold.
However, it's important to note that while the study shows a notable decrease in viral activity, it did not specifically isolate the effects of zinc alone. Thus, we cannot definitively state that zinc by itself is effective against the common cold without considering the contributions of the other substances involved.
Overall, this research opens the door for developing a potential treatment that is not toxic and sourced from natural ingredients, which could be effective against various RNA viruses with the hope of remaining effective even amidst mutating strains.
References
Nault D, Machingo TA, Shipper AG, Antiporta DA, Hamel C, et al. Zinc for prevention and treatment of the common cold. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2024;5:CD014914. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD014914.pub2
Kreiser T, Zaguri D, Sachdeva S, Zamostiano R, Mograbi J, et al. Inhibition of Respiratory RNA Viruses by a Composition of Ionophoric Polyphenols with Metal Ions. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2022;15. doi:10.3390/ph15030377
Hemilä H, Chalker E, Tukiainen J. Quantile Treatment Effect of Zinc Lozenges on Common Cold Duration: A Novel Approach to Analyze the Effect of Treatment on Illness Duration. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:817522. doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.817522
Murni IK, Prawirohartono EP, Triasih R. Potential Role of Vitamins and Zinc on Acute Respiratory Infections Including Covid-19. Glob Pediatr Health. 2021;8:2333794X211021739. doi:10.1177/2333794X211021739
Wang MX, Win SS, Pang J. Zinc Supplementation Reduces Common Cold Duration among Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials with Micronutrients Supplementation. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2020;103:86. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.19-0718
DeGeorge KC, Ring DJ, Dalrymple SN. Treatment of the Common Cold. Am Fam Physician. 2019;100:281.